[Advances in hospital based internal medicine]. / Nouveautés en médecine interne hospitalière.

Hospital based internal medicine has been strongly solicited for over two years with the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. This epidemic continues to evolve and represents a strain for public health. Numerous studies have addressed issues concerning this epidemic, and multiple novelties concerning other frequent pathologies have also been published. Management strategies of cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastro-intestinal and metabolic diseases are discussed.

La médecine interne hospitalière a été fortement sollicitée depuis 2 ans avec l'épidémie de SARS-CoV-2. Celle-ci continue d'évoluer et reste une épreuve pour la santé publique. Une pléthore d'études a tenté de résoudre les multiples défis que représente cette épidémie, mais de multiples nouveautés concernant d'autres pathologies fréquentes sont également apparues. La prise en charge des maladies cardiovasculaires, pulmonaires, gastro-intestinales et métaboliques est évoquée.

Risk of Reinfection After Seroconversion to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Population-based Propensity-score Matched Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Serological assays detecting anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies are being widely deployed in studies and clinical practice. However, the duration and effectiveness of the protection conferred by the immune response remains to be assessed in population-based samples. To estimate the incidence of newly acquired SARS-CoV-2 infections in seropositive individuals as compared to seronegative controls, we conducted a retrospective longitudinal matched study. METHODS: A seroprevalence survey including a representative sample of the population was conducted in Geneva, Switzerland, between April and June 2020, immediately after the first pandemic wave. Seropositive participants were matched one-to-two to seronegative controls, using a propensity-score including age, gender, immunodeficiency, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and education level. Each individual was linked to a state-registry of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Our primary outcome was confirmed infections occurring from serological status assessment to the end of the second pandemic wave (January 2021). RESULTS: Among 8344 serosurvey participants, 498 seropositive individuals were selected and matched with 996 seronegative controls. After a mean follow-up of 35.6 (standard deviation [SD] 3.2) weeks, 7 out of 498 (1.4%) seropositive subjects had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, of whom 5 (1.0%) were classified as reinfections. In contrast, the infection rate was higher in seronegative individuals (15.5%, 154/996) during a similar follow-up period (mean 34.7 [SD 3.2] weeks), corresponding to a 94% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 86%- 98%, P < .001) reduction in the hazard of having a positive SARS-CoV-2 test for seropositives. CONCLUSIONS: Seroconversion after SARS-CoV-2 infection confers protection against reinfection lasting at least 8 months. These findings could help global health authorities establishing priority for vaccine allocation.